Find Your Focus The advent of 5G New Radio (NR) technology marks a transformative milestone in the evolution of telecommunications, unlocking unprecedented opportunities for diverse industries and applications. With features like ultra-reliable low-latency communication (URLLC), massive Internet of Things (mIoT), and network slicing, 5G NR is poised to reshape industries such as manufacturing, healthcare, and…
Find Your Focus The advent of 5G has revolutionized the telecommunications landscape, promising unprecedented speeds, ultra-reliable low-latency communication, and massive IoT connectivity. However, as the world transitions from 4G LTE to 5G, ensuring seamless interoperability between these two generations is critical to maintaining uninterrupted service delivery and user satisfaction. This article explores the strategies for…
Find Your Focus The 5G New Radio (NR) technology framework is designed to address the dynamic demands of modern wireless networks, including ultra-high-speed internet, ultra-reliable low-latency communications, and massive IoT connectivity. The fundamental enablers of these capabilities—beamforming, massive MIMO, and network slicing—represent a confluence of advanced engineering, signal processing, and software-defined networking. This article provides…
Find Your Focus Introduction In the rapidly evolving world of wireless communication, 5G New Radio (NR) stands out as a revolutionary technology. It promises blazing speeds, ultra-low latency, and the capacity to connect billions of devices seamlessly. But what makes 5G NR so transformative? The answer lies in its architecture—a meticulously designed framework that ensures…
Find Your Focus Abstract Voice over New Radio (VoNR) is poised to revolutionize voice communication in 5G networks by leveraging the capabilities of the 5G standalone (SA) architecture. As operators transition from legacy systems to VoNR, understanding and optimizing Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) becomes crucial for delivering superior voice quality. This article delves into the…
Find Your Focus Introduction Voice over 5G (Vo5G) is positioned to transform how we experience voice services by leveraging the strengths of 5G technology, such as ultra-low latency, network slicing, and massive device connectivity. However, deploying Vo5G in real-world settings is complex and comes with several technical hurdles. This article thoroughly examines these challenges, detailing…
Find Your Focus Introduction Introduce the IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS) as the core network element designed to provide IP-based multimedia services, particularly VoIP, across LTE and now 5G networks. Highlight the critical role of IMS in supporting the 3GPP standard Vo5G (Voice over 5G), ensuring high-reliability, low-latency voice communication, and integrating seamlessly into the 5G…
Find Your Focus 1. Understanding the Technologies: VoLTE vs. Vo5G (VoNR) 1.1 What is VoLTE? Definition:Voice over LTE (VoLTE) is an IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS)-based technology that enables voice calls over the 4G LTE network using packet-switched (PS) protocols instead of traditional circuit-switched (CS) ones. VoLTE allows for better call quality, faster call setup, and…
What is SEPP?
SEPP is a network function designed to protect messages exchanged between different 5G networks (home and visited networks during roaming, for instance). It acts as a security gateway that filters and secures cross-border signalling traffic between network operators.
NR & LTE implements PDCP in both the User Plane and Control Plane. This is unlike UMTS, where PDCP was only found in the User Plane. The main reason for the difference is that PDCP in NR & LTE takes on the role of security, i.e. encryption and integrity.